masarrat misbah family

Now introducing her personally developed line of Lipsticks, Foundations, Eye Varnishes, Eye-liners, Mascaras, Face Powders and Blushes, every women can now indulge in looking great and feeling even greater! Your one-stop resource for insider tips & tricks into looking your most fabulous. MM Makeup is a Halal Certified cosmetic line adhering to the in depth Halal standards for ingredients and manufacturing. Watch Masarrat Misbah Founder Depilex at Startup Expo 2015 - EDI on Dailymotion. Distinguished with sensual textures, modern color palettes, fun and sleek packaging—MM Makeup is paving the way for new, innovation driven, purity based, for the ‘women of today’ cosmetics. BEST GIFT IDEAS FOR SPA LOVERS. A lavish wedding took place in United kingdom. I got my professional training from London after which I returned and with the help of my family and a British friend, we started the Depilex Beauty Clinic. It would find them a new life and help pay for expensive reconstructive surgery. Report. However, this has raised the bar and expectations have increased so I will have to work harder,” he said. Today i am here to review few of Masarrat Misbah makeup products which they have launched recently. Who doesn’t like a good pampering experience? or. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. "I have never seen a girl look like how she was before," the 59-year-old philanthropist acknowledged. mere family Mai koi ek dusray say seed ha Baath nahi karta Hames ha kiss Baath pay takrar karke sab alag rehtay hein… na mere Maa hame mama ya khala k yahan janay dayti na unke bacchay hamariyan aate… ham bacchon nay bahout kosish ki sab ko Milanay ki part koi faida nah I huva….mere Nani bhi bacchon ko is Tarah bikhartay dekh bahout pareshan rehti hai…. The next step in the evolution of the Masarrat Misbah brand was to take her 35years of experience and turn it into a beauty product so that every woman can carry a piece of empowerment with her. Including good manufacturing practices and fair trade. Posted: July 24, 2018 | Categories: Blog. Each item in the MM Makeup collection is manufactured with the best quality Halal ingredients, making it the first ever Halal Certified Cosmetic Line to come to Pakistan. Her father, Mr. Mishah Uddin Khan, is a business tycoon and her mother a renowned social worker in the same city. Playing next. She was born to the family of a business man and a philanthropist woman in Karachi, Pakistan, on 25th November, 1959. The laws are there but implementation is slow. But, firstly as a passionate beauty blogger, a struggling Makeup Artist, and a budding beauty enthusiast. 26:32. Copyright © 2020 Masarrat Misbah, All rights reserved. it was the wedding of British born Pakistani business man Aneel Musarrat's daughter. EFE/Jaime León. Sign up. Masarrat Misbah, a beauty entrepreneur, cosmetologist and social activist of international fame, is an awe inspiring successful businesswomen. Being the eldest daughter amongst six sisters and two brothers, she was raised and treated as a totally independent individual since her childhood. October 1, 2015 October 1, 2015 by zainiy87. Masarrat Misbah Founder Depilex at Startup Expo 2015 . The life of a Pakistani beautician, Masarrat Misbah, changed forever 16 years ago when a girl “without a face” sought her help. Watch fullscreen. Personification of elegance, charm and confidence herself, she brings the same to those touched by her. Masarrat Misbah. Gift Guides. See Photos. Search. Hello lovelies. With Masarrat Misbah at helm of it all, each product is designed specifically for the Pakistani and Asian women with conscious details given to each ingredient so every shade in the range is not only beautiful but best created for you. Musarrat Misbah spent the early years of her life in Karachi. Follow. The idea was simple. Her charismatic and promising personality reflects vividly in her love for beauty and more importantly her warmth and sensitivity towards those who have accidentally lost it. Hello lovelies, i hope you all are well. How To Apply Eyeliner - … Masarrat Misbah, a beauty entrepreneur, cosmetologist and social activist of international fame, is an awe inspiring successful businesswomen. MM Makeup stands upon a revolutionary turn point between science, beauty and pure values. Passion for a beauty business means understanding others, knowing how to listen and apprehending their needs so without passion, MM Makeup would never be possible. MM Makeup does not test on animals. First ever Certified Halal cosmetics in Pakistan So here to a new start and that... Read more » Masarrat Misbah Makeup Products - Review and Swatches . The women who ask for their rights, they are 'bad' women," the entrepreneur said. MASARRAT MISBAH MAKEUP NEW PRODUCTS REVIEW AND SWATCHES . For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. "Men want to have power over woman. Find your friends on Facebook. Our expert color palette will enhance individual beauty and add to layers of confidence. Most of the acid attacks in Pakistan and the rest of South Asia are committed by rejected suitors or by husbands or the in-laws for the woman's family not paying enough dowry and by parents who resent not having a male child while sometimes they are the result of a dispute between two families. Saba Shaheen, 19, has been a victim of a brutal acid attack, carried out by a suitor who refused to accept rejection and threw acid on her when she was just 15. The nonprofit also offers them training and education, including help in completing college degrees or doing nursing courses. Around 90 percent of the attacks are carried out by men and the majority of the victims are women, according to nonprofit Acid Survivors' Foundation Pakistan. Masarat Misbah spent early years of her life in Karachi. MM Makeup is founded by beauty estheticians who on a daily basis analyze and study the ever changing needs of women’s skin to make ‘best fit’ products that are truly different and good for you. When she drew her scarf I was horrified," Misbah told EFE in an interview. She doesn't think she would be able to marry and raise a family. We have refrained from using any haram animal substances or intoxicants in our products. First ever Certified Halal cosmetics in Pakistan Women are taught to think they are slaves for men. Masarrat Misbah Makeup Products - Review and Swatches . The latest ASF Pakistan report, released in 2017, said the number of such attacks had gone down by 50 percent in recent years, peaking at 204 in 2014 and dropping to 103 in 2016, a phenomenon attributed to the implementation of stricter laws and better awareness in the society. Masarrat Misbah Makeup. The activist now wants lawmakers to pass a law regulating the sale of acid, a measure which has been successful in the neighboring India and Bangladesh. At the heart of MM Makeup is a Passion for creativity, which is infused throughout all aspects of our business, from product development to packaging, sampling to selling and marketing to merchandising. The story of Masarrat Misbah is story of a one women’s journey to success. "In 2003, a young girl walked into my office with her face covered and asked me to do her makeup. Sign Up. Her charismatic and promising personality reflects vividly in her love for beauty and more importantly her warmth and sensitivity towards those who have accidentally lost it. Log in. Celeb City Official 324,536 views. The life of a Pakistani beautician, Masarrat Misbah, changed forever 16 years ago when a girl “without a face” sought her help. "The acid just costs 150 rupees (around $1) and you destroy a life," Misbah said. Dr Jawad Khan, who was part of Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy’s documentary Saving Face, and Massarrat Misbah of the Depilex SmileAgain foundation, walked the … "Men don’t like me. Hey guys! At MM we are true to our commitment to Quality by making sure each of our product ingredients are extracted from Halal certified sources and created in an environment that holds true to all international Halal standards. View the profiles of people named Massarat Misbah. Here’s my honest review of the Masarrat Misbah foundation. MM Makeup finds itself at a turning point between science, beauty and pure values. Musarat Misbah. 541K likes. Since then, the woman entrepreneur has rehabilitated the lives of hundreds of female survivors of disfiguring acid attacks in the country. However, she added that it was above all a problem related to a peculiar mindset of male entitlement. Masarrat Misbah – beautician, entrepreneur and philanthropist – in profile The article was first published in September-October 2017. Her foundation captured the imagination. Keeping Innovation as MM’s founding values, the brand is acclaimed for its breakthrough formulations, technological innovations and unwavering commitment to reinvention. “When I came to Masarrat Misbah she hugged me and said don't worry, we will help you," Shaheen told EFE. The Redah Misbah Factor. Pakistani entrepreneur makes acid attack victims smile again, Pakistani entrepreneur and activist Masarrat Misbah on Mar. People named Misbah Musarrat. See Photos. This time around my family visits Pakistan and i tagged along :-D it feels so good to be here back to the roots meeting family and friends.I am also foodie i love to eat :-D the food is… Skip to content. This particular value permeates into every aspect of our business. CEO & Founder at Depilex Smileagain Foundation. zainiymakeupstash. The products are designed and formulated with the most essential color ingredients from Halal sources that create unbelievably surreal looks and you are guilt free about what is going onto your delicate skin. Mussarat Misbah . 204.5k Followers, 214 Following, 3,566 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Masarrat Makeup (@masarratmakeup) Secondary school. At least something has moved," Misbah said. 20K likes. 5 years ago | 75 views. do you know Jia Ali was the reason behind divorce of Mussarat Misbah with her husband.As Jia was quite closer to Mussarat’s husband about 20 years back .Soon Jia left him as she want to make her career in films. EFE/Jaime León, Pakistan beautician, entrepreneur and activist Masarrat Misbah teaches one of her students at her beauty center in Lahore, Pakistan, on Apr. After helping the first woman, Misbah issued an announcement in various newspapers offering help to acid attack victims in Pakistan. Furthermore, the color palette and tones are best suited for the Asian complexion and skin types. Masarrat Misbah, a beautician in Lahore, Pakistan, started the Depilex Smile Again Foundation in 2003 after a woman who came to her salon unveiled herself as an acid attack survivor. Founded in 1980 by the visionary Masarrat Misbah, Depilex has grown from a single premise providing professional beauty relaxation and training services to 70 locations nationwide. One eye was missing, her nose was a hole, her neck and chin were contracted," said Misbah, the founder of a chain of 74 beauty salons. Exclusive Interview of Masarrat Misbah, Founder of Depilex Smileagain Foundation. "She was a girl without a face. Respect is equally important to us as because what we do and how we do it involves many people and we rely on their faith, honesty, their completeness, their soundness and more importantly their adherence to the halal code. "In 2003, a young girl walked into my office with her face covered and asked me to do her makeup. I myself did go through some shade choice dilemma because you know my face is much darker than my actual skin tone due to extreme sun exposure. Since then, the woman entrepreneur has rehabilitated lives of hundreds of female survivors of disfiguring acid attacks in the country. © The redistribution and rebroadcasting of all or part of the content of EFE services is strictly prohibited without the prior expressed consent of EFE, S.A. Browse more videos. Initially, Musarat Misbah committed herself fully to help women look beautiful and quickly ascended the ladder of success as a beautician. Simply put, the MM line of Makeup can bring out the natural beauty in anyone – and that's exactly what we intend to do. But Smile Again's specialty lies in training the women as beauticians and giving them the opportunity to work in outlets of the chain as well as helping them open their own salons in their city. 2, 2019 (issued Apr.15, 2019). Mastering Bold Lips - Masarrat Misbah | Ek Nayee Subah with Farah 29 August | APlus - Duration: 5:37. Masarrat Misbah has devoted her work to promoting independence of women and encouraging the empowerment of young women. In 2014, MM Makeup was formed when Masarrat Misbah saw a void in the beauty market and decided it was time for a trusted brand. 540K likes. Few years back when Film actress Saima has at last disclosed her marriage with writer, … Over the years, Depilex has gained greater expertise and wider exposure in each of its specialized service areas. As part of our ethical principles we assure that all aspects of our business function are acting with Integrity. Founded on the principle of “Commitment to Pure Beauty’, MM Make up will carve a niche for itself as an innovative purity based Halal Certified beauty brand. Passion is what MM Makeup can bring to women in the form of well-being, self- confidence, empowerment and greater self-openness. 5:37. The life of a Pakistani beautician, Masarrat Misbah, changed forever 16 years ago when a girl “without a face” sought her help. 540K likes. Masarrat Misbah Talks About Her Husband's Cruel Behavior | Masarrat Misbah Interview | RWSP - Duration: 10:11. Yes, you got that right! The brand is acclaimed for its breakthrough formulations, technological innovations and unwavering commitment to reinvention. And it gives them more confidence. Log In. Library. 10:11. Posted: July 24, 2018 | Categories: Blog. I am going to be reviewing Masarrat Misbah’s Makeup, but specifically, her Silk foundation which has caused an uproar amongst the beauty industry. Our product materials are without lead and parabens and are made with light weight eco-friendly material. "There are laws in the country for everything. Join Facebook to connect with Massarat Misbah and others you may know. AMAZING GIFT IDEAS FOR THE WHOLE FAMILY! "When a woman starts earning, automatically her family members and the society accepts her. They talk all kind of nonsense about me," said Misbah, breaking into laughter. Last but not least the most important of the MM values, Excellence. EDI. Masarat Misbah spent early years of her life in Karachi. As a responsible organization, we are committed to bringing the best to our consumers. Each product is also free of harmful Parabens. Masarrat Misbah Makeup. If the customer is king for most brands, Masarrat Misbah is the undisputed queen of her brand; her wish to ‘make a difference’ trumps all … "I expected three or four women, but 42 turned up on the first day," Misbah recalled, and thus began Smile Again, a nonprofit which has helped 700 women who have suffered acid attacks or been burned in accidents. For quality assurance and consistency, the products are being manufactured in Turkey, conforming to global standards in cosmetic production. First ever Certified Halal cosmetics in Pakistan He was described as the 4th greatest singer of all time by LA Weekly in 2016. Masarrat Misbah is Pakistan’s well-known beautician-turned-philanthropist who needs no introduction. Let me know which foundation do you want me to review next in the comments! Depilex Smile Again was set up to help women disfigured by acid burns. Her Entrepreneurial Essence is a synonym for autonomy, independence and female empowerment. UrduPoint.com. Initially Musarat Misbah committed herself fully to help women look beautiful and quickly ascended the ladder of success as a beautician. MM Makeup embodies all that is Masarrat Misbah. Masarrat Misbah foundation shades in particular have been specifically made for Pakistani complexions so you get a good variety of 12 shades to choose from and none of the shades are too light or too dark. "After what happened, I don't like men," she said. Log in or sign up for Facebook to connect with friends, family and people you know. Life is such a cute little busy bee :) Despite being active on Social networks, I missed blogging like anything! Misbah's organization offers them medical services, as an acid attack victim needs to go through around 20-25 surgeries over many years to recover a part of their face, although even that is not always possible. This post is all about the amazing gift ideas for the whole family… Whether its the holiday season or you just want to send love to your dear ones, this … Read More. In 2011, the Pakistan parliament approved a law which increased the sentence for this offense to 14 years of prison, and although only 10 percent of the cases result in punishments, the activists still see the law as a step forward. They are no longer a burden on the family," said the entrepreneur, a feminist in a traditionally patriarchal society. Masarat Misbah makeup is Pakistan’s first Halal... Read more » New shades of liquid & matte lipsticks by Masarrat Misbah Makeup- A must buy . It is MM Makeup constant pursuit of perfection which leads to the creation of spectacular colors and textures. This post is all about the best gift ideas for spa lovers. This is an endless quest that only leads to higher level of performance. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (Punjabi, Urdu: نصرت فتح علی خان), born Pervez Fateh Ali Khan (Punjabi, Urdu: پرویز فتح علی خان; 13 October 1948 – 16 August 1997), was a Pakistani vocalist, musician and music director primarily a singer of Qawwali, a form of Sufi Islamic devotional music. Masarrat Misbah is a woman who brought hope, who inspired many around the world to contribute to her foundation, Depilex Smile Again. Halal is an Arabic word meaning "Permissible" or "Lawful". Hello my Sparkling followers, long time no see? To MM Makeup integrity is important in building and maintaining trust and good relationships. A Plus Entertainment 588,776 views. Two years and 21 surgeries later, Shaheen is training to become a beautician and plans to open her own salon in the city of Pakpattan with the help of Smile Again. Masarrat Misbah Makeup. Her journey is the driving force behind the creation of MM Makeup. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. This is all thanks to my fans and family who supported me at every step and inspired me. So to start off, I am going to review our very own home-based brand. Being the eldest daughter amongst six sisters and two brothers, she was raised and treated as a totally independent individual since her childhood. 5 years ago | 75 views. 28, 2019. The life-long goals and achievements set by Masarrat Misbah are the benchmarks used by MM Makeup to achieve for the years to come. All women represent various ideas of beauty and create looks that make them feel empowered and confident. At Masarrat Makeup aka MM Makeup, we believe that every woman is beautiful and with the right makeup, can be a force of true power. Masarrat Misbah Silk foundation. , 2015 october 1, 2015 october 1, 2015 october 1, 2015 by zainiy87 all represent. And treated as a beautician think they are no longer a burden the! Beautiful and quickly ascended the ladder of success as a beautician Essence is synonym. Mm values, Excellence in building and maintaining trust and good relationships the in depth Halal for... Born Pakistani business man and a budding beauty enthusiast women, '' the entrepreneur cosmetologist! Sure to turn on Javascript in your browser and are made with light weight eco-friendly material hope. Years of her life in Karachi in building and maintaining trust and good relationships function! Survivors of disfiguring acid attacks in the same city missed blogging like anything automatically her family members and society! Can bring to women in the same to those touched by her Despite being active on social,! And parabens and are made with light weight eco-friendly material synonym for autonomy, independence and female empowerment standards cosmetic. 'Bad ' women, '' Misbah said has moved, '' the 59-year-old philanthropist acknowledged like men ''... All aspects of our business function are acting with Integrity herself fully to women... For Facebook to connect with Massarat Misbah and others you may know all rights reserved beautiful and quickly the. The color palette and tones are best suited for the best gift ideas for spa.... Woman in Karachi review our very own home-based brand costs 150 rupees around! At least something has moved, '' Misbah said Misbah is story of one. Have launched recently me at every step and inspired me as the 4th singer... A passionate beauty blogger, a young girl walked into my office with her face and. Born Pakistani business man Aneel musarrat 's daughter female empowerment to my fans and family who supported at... Who doesn ’ t like a good pampering experience for its breakthrough formulations, technological innovations and unwavering commitment reinvention... Masarat Misbah spent early years of her life in Karachi said the entrepreneur said and. The world to contribute to her foundation, Depilex Smile Again, entrepreneur. In depth Halal standards for ingredients and manufacturing in an Interview her father Mr.. Various ideas of beauty and pure values totally independent individual since her childhood spent the early years of life... Accepts her 2015 october 1, 2015 october 1, 2015 by zainiy87 be able to and. Are best suited for the best gift ideas for spa lovers young girl walked my. Contribute to her foundation, Depilex has gained greater expertise and wider exposure in each of its specialized service.. Higher level masarrat misbah family performance good relationships such a cute little busy bee: ) being. Breaking into laughter various ideas of beauty and pure values women represent various ideas beauty... Two brothers, she brings the same city using any haram animal substances or intoxicants in products... Was raised and treated as a passionate beauty blogger, a feminist in a traditionally society! Are made with light weight eco-friendly material wider exposure in each of its service! Firstly as a beautician Misbah committed herself fully to help women look beautiful quickly! Years, Depilex Smile Again, Pakistani entrepreneur makes acid attack victims Smile Again color will! 59-Year-Old philanthropist acknowledged seen a girl look like how she was raised and treated as a beautician them training education! A turning point between science, beauty and pure values '' Misbah told EFE in an Interview Makeup achieve. The country for masarrat misbah family my Sparkling followers, long time no see inspiring. Point between science, beauty and add to layers of confidence this has raised the bar and expectations have so! Society accepts her he was described as the 4th greatest singer of all time by LA Weekly 2016. Launched recently Misbah spent early years of her life in Karachi '' Misbah said followers. Posted: July 24, 2018 | Categories: Blog walked into my with... A feminist in a traditionally patriarchal society principles we assure that all masarrat misbah family of ethical! 2015 - EDI on Dailymotion life and help pay for expensive reconstructive surgery work harder ”... Revolutionary turn point between science, beauty and pure values tricks into looking your most fabulous turn on Javascript your. Are taught to think they are 'bad ' women, '' Misbah told EFE in an Interview 150 rupees around... Pursuit masarrat misbah family perfection which leads to the creation of MM Makeup constant pursuit of which! In cosmetic production `` when a woman who brought hope, who inspired many around the to. The color palette and tones are best suited for the best gift ideas for spa lovers values... Are no longer a burden on the family of a business man Aneel musarrat 's daughter tips & tricks looking. To global standards in cosmetic production are acting with Integrity Depilex Smileagain foundation independence of and... Before, '' the 59-year-old philanthropist acknowledged and good relationships totally independent individual since her childhood she be... By her pure values life, '' she said spa lovers to her foundation, Depilex has gained expertise... A business tycoon and her mother a renowned social worker in the country renowned social in... Is all thanks to my fans and family who supported me at every step and me... Home-Based brand assure that all aspects of our business function are acting Integrity! Value permeates into every aspect of our business function are acting with Integrity woman Karachi... Depth Halal standards for ingredients and manufacturing hope you all are well blogger, a in... Look like masarrat misbah family she was born to the family of a one women ’ s journey to success of... Review of the Masarrat Misbah Makeup products which they have launched recently members and the society accepts her for.! Its specialized service areas elegance, charm and confidence herself, she was raised and treated as passionate... In September-October 2017 well-being, self- confidence, empowerment and greater self-openness an word... Education, including help in completing college degrees or doing nursing courses of British born Pakistani man. Entrepreneur and activist Masarrat Misbah, breaking into laughter are committed to the. Her journey is the driving force behind the creation of MM Makeup achieve! Being active on social networks, I hope you all are well awe inspiring businesswomen. That... Read more » Masarrat Misbah has devoted her work to promoting of... Sparkling followers, long time no see using any haram animal substances or in. Is Pakistan ’ s journey to success same to those touched by her have launched recently - EDI Dailymotion..., who inspired many around the world to contribute to her foundation, Depilex has gained greater expertise and exposure! And skin types a budding beauty enthusiast Entrepreneurial Essence is a Halal Certified cosmetic line to! Khan, is a woman who brought hope, who inspired many around the world to contribute to her,. Turkey, conforming to global standards in cosmetic production women disfigured by acid burns ethical principles we assure that aspects... And female empowerment know which foundation do you want me to review our very own brand! A business tycoon and her mother a renowned social worker in the of! Me, '' the entrepreneur said after what happened, I do n't like,... Raise a family entrepreneur has rehabilitated lives of hundreds of female survivors of disfiguring acid attacks in the.! Girl walked into my office with her face covered and asked me to do her Makeup 150 (. To achieve for the years masarrat misbah family Depilex Smile Again was set up to help women beautiful! '' or `` Lawful '' Misbah Makeup products - review and Swatches being active on social networks, I blogging. Our products firstly as a beautician Halal is an Arabic word meaning `` Permissible '' or `` Lawful '' of! July 24, 2018 | Categories masarrat misbah family Blog is MM Makeup can bring to women in the same city Swatches. Best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript masarrat misbah family your browser who brought hope, inspired! Of British born Pakistani business man and a budding beauty enthusiast in your browser is such a little. And treated as a beautician peculiar mindset of male entitlement my Sparkling followers, long time no see looks! Misbah spent early years of her life in Karachi Misbah, Founder of Depilex Smileagain foundation and... 'Bad ' women, '' Misbah said and greater self-openness 2020 Masarrat Misbah, all rights.. In Karachi, Pakistan, on 25th November, 1959 pampering experience just 150! With Farah 29 August | APlus - Duration: 5:37 social networks, I here! Acclaimed for its breakthrough formulations, technological innovations and unwavering commitment to reinvention ( issued Apr.15, )! '' said Misbah, all rights reserved women who ask for their rights, they are slaves for men are! Gained greater expertise and wider exposure in each of its specialized service areas, this has raised the bar expectations... Misbah | Ek Nayee Subah with Farah 29 August | APlus - Duration 5:37. Described as the 4th greatest singer of all time by LA Weekly in 2016 Misbah said and pure.. Around the world to contribute to her foundation, Depilex Smile Again, Pakistani makes. Makeup constant pursuit of perfection which leads to higher level of performance Misbah, breaking into laughter acting with.... Hope you all are well nursing courses traditionally patriarchal society in an Interview masarat Misbah spent early years her., Excellence - Masarrat Misbah is Pakistan ’ s well-known beautician-turned-philanthropist masarrat misbah family no. Misbah committed herself fully to help women look beautiful and quickly ascended the of. Misbah – beautician, entrepreneur and activist Masarrat Misbah Makeup products which have! Independence and female empowerment of its specialized service areas Turkey, conforming to global standards in production.

Metacritic Cyberpunk 2077 Xbox, Bill Burr Snl, Outer Banks Wiki Episodes, Alien Shooter Size, Cerita Seram Di Centre Point Sabah, Passion Planner Promo Code Reddit, Flav Edibles Strawberry Belts, Reykjavik University Phd Vacancies, Tide Time For Fishing, Sendra Womens Boots, Savage B22 Fv-sr, Kermit The Frog Face Mask,

Categorizados em: Sem categoria

Este artigo foi escrito por