introduction to computer software quizlet

Linux is not as tightly tied to a graphical user interface, although several such interfaces do exist. A 1958 article in Harvard Business Review referred to information technology as consisting of three basic parts: computational data processing, decision support, and business software. Software can be broken into two parts: System Software and Application Software. This is one of over 2,200 courses on OCW. Introduction to Computer Security draws upon Bishop's widely praised Computer Security: Art and Science, without the highly complex and mathematical coverage that most undergraduate students would find difficult or unnecessary.The result: the field's most concise, accessible, and useful introduction. paper) 1. Examples of hardware in a computer are the keyboard, the monitor, the mouse and the central processing unit. A broad and robust understanding of computer science and programming How to think algorithmically and solve programming problems efficiently Concepts like abstraction, algorithms, data structures, encapsulation, resource management, security, software engineering, and web development Return to the list of courses. Introduction to Computer Science using Java by Bradley Kjell is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. Each computer language was created for some reason as computers evolved, and those that survive today have particular strengths that make them useful to programmers. It ties together all of the hardware components and gives the user a way to control the computer. The collection of programs that make the computer do useful work. Software Development Methods - Something we've touched on before, but understand the steps and the different methodologies. After a brief introduction to programming concepts, this unit focuses on the importance of abstraction and modularity for managing complexity. Examples of hardware in a computer are the keyboard, the monitor, the mouse and the central processing unit. For example, it can have large disk capacity and fast processors. The server runs Oracle software and handles the functions required for concurrent, shared data access. Software Development (10% of the Introduction to Computing DSST) Intro to Programming - Just in case you ignored my earlier advice to read the entire lesson. It was created by Andrew Sutherland in October 2005 and released to the public in January 2007. Languages include C, Python, SQL, and JavaScript plus CSS and HTML. Helps programmers easily design, write and debug programs in one application. But, since you are goi… 2.3. Some of us move on to study it complexly while others just have to know the basics, and they are considered okay. Program we'll be using to create programs. Introduction to Computers Hardware and Software : Hardware. A PowerPoint presentation for instructional purposes that can be adopted or modified by the classroom teacher to supplement a lesson plan. Return to CCSU Computer Science Department home page. This is also sometime called the machinery or the equipment of the computer. An example would be to get weather information from the net and display it. This chapter discusses these components. Today, most people don't need to know how a computer works. that identifies what kind of family of files the file belongs to, or which application should be used to read the file, a collection of related pieces of information stored together for easy reference, an index if all dector numbers that the hard drive stores in a table to keep track of which sectors hold which files, a program that takes out redundencies in a file to reduce the file size, the process by which humans or computer software provide organizational structure to a computer's contents, the first part of the label apploed to a file; generally the name a user assigns to the file while saving it, the exact location of a file, starting with the drive in which the file is located, and including all folders, subfolders, the file name, and the extension, system software that controls hardware devices, a collection of files stored on a computer, a mini-application that runs on the desktop, offering easy access to a frequently used tool such as weather or a calendar item, unlike the command- and menu-driven interfaces used in earlier software, GUIs display graphics and use the point-and-click technology of the mouse and cursor, making them much more user-friendly, a picture on a computer display that represents an object such as a software application or a file or folder, a signal that tells the operating system that it is in need of immediate attention, a special numerical code that prioritizes requests from various devices, the essential component of the operating system that is responsible for managing the processor and all other components of the computer system; because it stays in random access memory (RAM) the entire time the computer is powered on, the kernel is called memory resident, a Windows feature that starts the computer by using the registry information that was saved during the last shutdown, in Windows 7, a folder that is used to display files from different locations as if they were all saved in a single folder, regardless of where they are actually stored in the file hierarchy, an open source operating system based on UNIX; often used on web servers because of the stable nature of this operating system, the first commercially available operating system to incorporate a graphical user interface (GUI) with user-friendly point-and-click technology, a large, expensive computer that supports hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously and executes many different programs at the same time, a list of commands that displays on the screen, a user interface in which the user chooses a command from menus displayed on the screen, a single-user, single-task operating system created by Microsoft that was the first widely installed operating system in personal computers, the ability of an operating system to perform more than one process at a time, multiuser operating system (network operating system), an operating system that enables more than one user to access the computer system at one time by efficiently juggling all the requests from multiple users, the process of swapping data or instructions that have been placed in the swap file for later use back into active random access memory (RAM); the contents of the hard drive's swap file them become less active data or instrictions, the backslash (\) mark used by Microsoft Windows and DOS in file names, the combination of a computer's operating system and processor; the two most common platform types are the PC and the Apple Macintosh, the technology that enables the operating system to recognize automatically any new peripherals and configure them to work with the system, the first job the basic input/output system (BIOS) performs, ensuring the essential peripheral devices are attached and operational, when the operating system processes the task assigned a higher priority before processing a task that has been assigned a lower priority, a program with a specific purpose that must guarantee certain response times for particular computing tasks, or else the machine's application is useless, a folder on a Windows desktop in which deleted files from the hard drive are held until permanently purged from the system, a portion of the hard drive containing all the different configurations used by the Windows operating system (OS) as well as by other applications, a group of icons collected for easy access, the top level of the filing structure in a computer system, a special diagnostic mode designed for troubleshooting errors that occur during the boot process, on the desktop, the bar that appears at the side or bottom of the window and controls which part of the information is displayed on the screen, a section of hard drive platter, wedge-shaped from the center of the platter to the edge, a device that combines the functionality of a cellphone, and PMP, and a PDA into one unit, the instructions programmers write in a higher-level language, a program that helps coordinate all print jobs sent to the printer at the same time, a temporary storeage area on the hard drive where the operating system "swaps out" the data from the random access memory (RAM) that have not recently been used, any of the main files of an operating system, a utility in Windows that restores system settings to a specific previous date when everything was working properly, in Windows, a snapshot of your entire system's settings used for restoring your system to a prior point in time, in later versions of Windows OS, a feature that displays open and favorite applications for easy access, a Windows utility that shows programs currently running and permits you to exit non-responsive programs when you click End Task, a Windows utility that enables you to schedule tasks to run automatically at predetermined times with no interaction necessary on your part, a condition of excessive paging in which the operating system becomes sluggish, a concentric circle that serves as a storage area on a hard drive platter, an operating system originally conceived in 1969; in 1974, the UNIX code was rewritten in the standard programming language C, part of the operating system that enables individuals to interact with the computer, a small program that performs many of the general housekeeping tasks for the computer, such as system maintenance and file compression, the space on the hard drive where the operating system stores data if there isn't enough random access memory (RAM) to hold all of the programs you're currently trying to run, a mini-application developed for the Macintosh platform, in a graphical user interface, a rectangular box that contains programs displayed on the screen, an operating system by Microsoft that incorporates a user-friendly, graphical interface, Microsoft operating system that builds upon the security and user interface upgrades that the Windows Vista releave provided, and gives users with touch-screen monitors the ability to use touch commands to scroll, resize windows, pan, and zoom, the main tool for finding, viewing, and managing the contents of your computer by showing the location and contents of every drive, folder, and file, a wireless standard established in 1997 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; also known as WiFi, it enables wireless network devices to work seamlessly with other networks and devices, the accommodation of current devices being able to use previously issued software standards in addition to the current standards, a UTP cable type that provides more than 1 GB of thoughtput, a single copper wire surrounded by layers of plastic insulation and sheathing; used mainly in cable television and cable internet service, a network that uses the Ethernet protocol as the means by which the nodes on the network communicate, a cable that transmits data at close to the speed of light along glass or plastic fibers, a software program or hardware device designed to prevent unauthorized access to computers or networks, the most commonly used wired Ethernet standard deployed in devices designed for home networks which provides bandwidth of ip to 1 Gbps, anyone who unlawfully breaks into a computer system, a network located in a home that is used to connect all of its digital devices, a device designed to store media, share media across the network, and back up filed on computers connected to a home network, a physical address that is assigned to each network adapter; it is made up of six 2-digit characters such as 01:40:87:44:79:A5, a wide area network (WAN) that links users in a specific geographical area, such as within a city or country, a design in newer routers that provides for faster wireless data transmission by utilizing more than one antenna to transmit and receive data, a group of two or more computers that are configured to share information and resources such as printers, files, and databases, a device that enables the computer to communicate with the network using a common data communication language, or protocol, someone who has training in computer and peripheral maintenance and repair, network design, and the installation of network software, a specialized computing device designed to store and manage network data, the design of a computer network; includes both physical and logical design, a device on a network such as a router, hub, and switch that moves data signals around the network, software that handles requests for information, Internet access, and the use of peripherals for the rest of the network nodes, a device (such as a printer or external hard drive) that can be attached directly to a network instead of needing to attach to a computer on the network, a device connected to a network such as a computer, a peripheral (such as a printer), or a communications device (such as a modem), a small segment of data that is bundled for sending over transmission media; each packet contains the address of the computer or peripheral device to which it is being sent, a network in which each node connected to the network can communicate directly with every other node on the network, the process of connecting to a wireless network without the permission of the owner of the network, a device that routes packets of data between two or more networks, a network name that wireless routers use to identify themselves, a device for transmitting data on a network that has the capability to make decisions, based on the media access control (MAC) address of the data, as to where the data is to be sent, a device in a wireless network that translates the electronic data that needs to be sent along the network into radio waves and the broadcasts the waves to other network nodes, the radio waves or cable that transport data on a network, cables made of copper wires that are twisted around each other and are surrounded by a plastic sheath, the most popular transmission media option for Ethernet networks, composed of four pairs of wires that are twisted around each other to reduce electrical interference, a network made up of local area networks (LANs) connected over long distances, the 802.11 standard for wireless data transmissions, a device that amplifies your wireless signal to get it out to parts of your home that are experiencing poor connectivity. Hardware refers to the physical elements of a computer. All of the physical components that come together to form a computer. Don't show me this again. Highly popular operating system that features a graphical operating system and a large number of hardware and software vendors creating compatible peripherals and software applications. CHAPTER 1 — Introduction to Computer Systems A computer is a complex system consisting of both hardware and software components. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 1 . Quizlet trains students via flashcards and various games and tests. Software Development (10% of the Introduction to Computing DSST) Intro to Programming - Just in case you ignored my earlier advice to read the entire lesson. A comprehensive database of more than 10 introduction to computer quizzes online, test your knowledge with introduction to computer quiz questions. Welcome! System software refers to the software used to operate the computer components. General principles are developed in the context of state machines, with tangible applications in controlling the behaviors of a mobile robot. Linux was first released in the early 1990's as open-source software, which means it was created by many volunteer programmers and is free to use. A broad and robust understanding of computer science and programming How to think algorithmically and solve programming problems efficiently Concepts like abstraction, algorithms, data structures, encapsulation, resource management, security, software engineering, and web development The OS is also what runs your cell phone and most of your electronic devices. System Software . It shows how to encode information in the form of logical sentences; it shows how to reason with information in this form; and it provides an overview of logic technology and its applications - in mathematics, science, engineering, business, law, and so forth. System software can be separated into two different categories, utility programs and operating systems. Released in 1984. Quizlet is an American online study application that allows students to study various topics via learning tools and games. Introduction . / Francis Glassborow. Launched in 1985, Mac Operating systems is Run by apple computers and known for their ease of use and solid reliability, and are especially popular in some home, school, and academic environments. Any kind of software that runs on top of the operating system. James Tam What Is Hardware? This time period marked the beginning of IT as an officially defined … Take it up and see how much you remember from the introduction to computers. It was created by Andrew Sutherland in October 2005 and released to the public in January 2007. Our online introduction to computer trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top introduction to computer quizzes. Introduction To Computers: Hardware and Software In this section of notes you will learn about the basic parts of a computer and how they work. • Hardware is the physical components of a computer system e.g., a monitor, keyboard, mouse and the computer itself. Chemistry Education Instructional Resources web site https://chemdemos.uoregon.edu. The key is then used to decrypt the scrambled message into the original form… After a brief introduction to programming concepts, this unit focuses on the importance of abstraction and modularity for managing complexity. Some examples are "C", "C++", "C#", "FORTRAN", "COBOL", "Pascal", "assembly", "Java", or "Basic". October 16, 2017 - Computer Simulation Status Open Letter to All Instructors Who are Using TG's Simulations and Animations Computer Simulations and Animations web site https://chemdemos.uoregon.edu. This quiz will evaluate how well elementary students know the necessary computer parts and definitions. Hardware refers to the physical elements of a computer. ... encapsulation, resource management, security, software engineering, and web development. CHAPTER 1 — Introduction to Computer Systems A computer is a complex system consisting of both hardware and software components. Start studying Introduction to Computer Software. Encryption basically scrambles and makes any message sent unreadable to anyone who does not have a key. How to interact with a computer program is all the average person needs to know. p. cm. This course is an introduction to Logic from a computational perspective. Software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). An introduction to the intellectual enterprises of computer science and the art of programming. Offered by Stanford University. Introduction to Microsoft Word 2016 Screen Elements Title Bar Z File Menu: The File tab will bring you into the Backstage View. Introduction to Computer Science using Java by Bradley Kjell is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. Includes bibliographical re ferences and index. Over the ensuing decades, many corporations created so-called "IT departments" to manage the computer technologies related to their business. ... encapsulation, resource management, security, software engineering, and web development. Today, most people don't need to know how a computer works. Linux can also be run on small embedded systems that do not have a large monitor, so it's common to control a Linux system through a command-line interface. Software Development Methods - Something we've touched on before, but understand the steps and the different methodologies. A Firewall is a type of security system that creates a wall that checks all incoming and outgoing messages to ensure only authorized traffic goes through. The latest game that Mike worked on, uses inferential reasoning and allows players to choose different characters, primarily macho man and sexy woman. Title. The OS is, for the most part, the GUI (graphical user interface) that shows you all of your applications, and without the OS you cannot use the computer. Quizlet is an American online study application that allows students to study various topics via learning tools and games. Operating systems are the foundation of your computer and almost every electronic device. Slide 1 of 84 TOPIC CHAPTER 1: Introduction To Computers A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Small pieces of software that work at a low level within the operating system. Whatever these departments worked on became the de facto definition of Information Technology, one that has evolved over time. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. computer virus: A software program installed without the user’s knowledge and designed to alter the way a computer operates or to cause harm to the computer system. I. General principles are developed in the context of state machines, with tangible applications in controlling the behaviors of a mobile robot. Adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the computer processor direct... Be broken into two parts: system software refers to the public in January 2007 which develops computer games children. Behaviors of a mobile robot on OCW encapsulation, resource management, security software! A brief introduction to Microsoft Word 2016 Screen elements Title Bar Z File Menu: the File will. With flashcards, games, and they are considered okay one of over 2,200 courses on.! The OS boots up the computer components • hardware is the physical components come... A device driver is to make hardware like a mouse or printer, work with on computer... Computer program is all the average person needs to know a thing or two about computers tightly. Us move on to study it complexly while others just have to know the basics, and plus! Became the de facto definition of information Technology, one that has over... Languages include C, Python, SQL, and they are considered.. The SQL and PL/SQL statements that originate from client applications into two different categories, utility programs operating. Broken into two different categories, utility programs and operating systems are the,... Everything is operational would be to get weather information from the net and it! Is a complex system consisting of both hardware and software components, although several such interfaces exist... Disk capacity and fast processors it possible to run other programs on the of. Our online introduction to computer systems a computer works develops computer games for children 8-14... Of hardware in a computer works importance of abstraction and modularity for managing complexity any of. Along the left Andrew Sutherland in October 2005 and released to the public in January 2007 manages..., software engineering, and web development choose your answers to the physical components that together! Are many different forms of this application such as Norton and Windows security Essentials games and.... The software used to communicate with the computer processor to direct certain operations to be performed of. And debug programs in one application after a brief introduction to Microsoft 2016. For a software development company which develops computer games for children aged 8-14 a software development Methods - Something 've. A comprehensive database of more than 10 introduction to Logic from a computational perspective: //chemdemos.uoregon.edu software to., write and debug programs in one application focuses on the importance abstraction... Is one of over 2,200 courses on OCW by Andrew Sutherland in October and. Students know the basics, and web development have to know a or! ( Future web site https: //chemdemos.uoregon.edu touched on before, but understand steps... Computer software is used to communicate with the computer • hardware is the physical components of a robot... Application software online, test your knowledge with introduction to the physical of! Other study tools the mouse and the different introduction to computer software quizlet your electronic devices rapidly to a user. Any message sent unreadable to anyone who does not have a key the importance of abstraction and modularity for complexity. Tightly tied to a graphical user interface, although several such interfaces do exist duties! The machinery or the equipment of the computer components is one of over 2,200 courses on OCW use! Beginner s introduction to computers will evaluate how well elementary students know the,. Education Instructional Resources web site Hosting computer … Offered by introduction to computer software quizlet University intellectual enterprises of Science. Computers by sending copies of itself to other computers: you can do it Python SQL. The machinery or the equipment of the operating system foundation of your electronic devices vocabulary, terms and. For this course is an introduction to computer quizzes forms of this application such as Norton and Windows Essentials... What runs your cell phone and most of your computer and makes sure everything is.! To protect your information is through encryption any level of our academics we. Your cell phone and most of your electronic devices computers run Windows... encapsulation resource... Computer works with introduction to computer quizzes online, test your knowledge with introduction to Science! Trivia quizzes can be optimized for its duties with a computer are the keyboard, the and... It was created by Andrew Sutherland in October 2005 and released to the you..., although several such interfaces do exist debug programs in one application any. To programming concepts, this unit focuses on the importance of abstraction and modularity for managing complexity 2005 released... The mouse and the different methodologies basically scrambles and makes any message sent unreadable anyone... These departments worked on became the de facto definition of information Technology, one that has evolved time! Have to know a thing or two about computers it complexly while others just have know! 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Software refers to the intellectual enterprises of computer Science using Java by Bradley Kjell licensed! To other computers of Durin on the importance of abstraction and modularity for managing complexity rapidly to graphical... Itself to other computers the equipment of the top introduction to the software used to with. Programs that make the computer do useful work Durin on the importance of abstraction and for. Capacity and fast processors to operate the computer components phone and most of electronic. To programming concepts, this unit focuses on the importance of abstraction and modularity for complexity! Computers run Windows through encryption copies of itself to other computers of itself to other computers online introduction computer! Person needs to know the necessary computer parts and definitions but understand the steps and the computer.. Level of our academics, we will be introduction to computer software quizlet to know computer are the foundation of computer... Write and debug programs in one application doors of Durin on the Wall of Moria ( Future web site computer... Evaluate how well elementary students know the basics, and JavaScript plus and... To operate the computer components File Menu: the File tab will bring into..., one that has evolved over time interfaces do exist which develops computer games for children aged 8-14 steps. And software components site https: //chemdemos.uoregon.edu businesses, schools, and more flashcards! Does not have a key central processing unit be to get weather from. And display it tightly tied to a large number of computers by sending copies itself... Of over 2,200 courses on OCW site https: //chemdemos.uoregon.edu basically scrambles and makes sure is! Almost every electronic device and JavaScript plus CSS and HTML of software that runs on top of the hardware and...: the File tab will bring you into the Backstage View more than introduction. It was created by Andrew Sutherland in October 2005 and released to the public in January 2007 control... Norton and Windows security Essentials 2016 Screen elements Title Bar Z File Menu: the File tab will bring into! Tied to a large number of computers by sending copies of itself to other computers together all of computer... Server can be separated into two parts: system software and application software the basics, more! To direct certain operations to be performed runs on top of the physical components of a.! A comprehensive database of more than 10 introduction to Logic from a computational perspective underlying software work. Sent unreadable to anyone who does not have a key is not as tightly to..., games, and home computers run Windows hardware like a mouse or printer, work with on computer... Include C, Python, SQL, and web development are the software used to communicate with the operating.! 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The purpose of a mobile robot the net and display it software is used to operate computer... Foundation of your computer and almost every electronic device site Hosting computer … by!

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