when was softball invented

She must make an attempt to get out of the way and it is the umpire's judgmental call whether the batter attempted to move. Defensive strategy is more complex, as particular situations (number of outs and positions of base-runners) and particular batters call for different positioning of fielders and different tactical decisions. softball originated as an indoor sport in a indoor gym in 1887. outdoor softball has roots in Minneapolis and in 1895 was created. In some leagues and organizations, four outfield players are utilized by each team. Catchers are strong, need to be smart and quick on their feet, and have accurate throws so they can pick runners off at each base. Variations in the grip cause the seams to "catch" the air differently, thereby changing the trajectory of the ball, making it harder for the batter to hit. It was invented from a game of football. Despite its invention in 1887, softball made it to the Olympics in 1996. A fence running between the baselines defines the limits of the field; distance from home plate to the fence varies by field. The ball used in baseball was invented by Alexander Joy Cartwright. That year, Hancock gathered with some friends at the Farragut Boat Club in Chicago on Thanksgiving day to watch the Yale vs. Harvard game. The infield is usually "skinned" (dirt), while the outfield has grass in regulation competitions. Academic Search Elite. A pitcher must have both feet on the rubber at the start of their delivery but neither foot is on the rubber when the ball is released. To compare, MLB players average around 90 mph but can reach speeds up to 100 mph.[39]. Official umpires are often nicknamed "blue", because of their uniforms – in many jurisdictions, most significantly ISF, NCAA and ASA games, umpires wear navy blue slacks, a light powder blue shirt, and a navy baseball cap. There are different types, including a sacrifice bunt, or slap bunt. Although many people assume that softball was derived from baseball, the sport’s first game actually came about because of a football game. [38] Male pitching can reach speeds around 85 miles per hour (137 kilometers per hour). There are a variety of grips and techniques a pitcher may use to deliver a change up such as: Softball is played, at some level, in over a hundred countries around the world. The field is defined by 'foul lines' that meet at a right angle at 'home plate'. Just like the catcher, first basemen may wear specific first base mitts, usually having a longer web allowing them to reach the taller throws over their head. If this is unintentional (fielder's momentum), the award is one base. The distinction is not absolute and there can be gradations within each. Right field is meant to cover this area if the ball gets past the first baseman. The size of the ball varies according to the classification of play; the permitted circumferences in international play are 12±0.125 in (30.5±0.3 cm), in mass between 6.25 and 7.0 oz (177–198 g) in fast pitch and adults and males 13 and older for slow pitch, 11±0.125 in (27.9±0.3 cm), mass between 5.875 and 6.125 oz (166.6–173.6 g) in slow pitch for females 18 and younger, and kids 12 and younger. The fastball is typically the first type of pitch a player will learn. If the game is tied, play usually continues until a decision is reached, by using the international tie-breaker rule or if time is expired the score would be just tied. Japan has had a long tradition of softball which is played at all levels in the country. A runner who remains on the base until the ball is touched, or returns to the base (tags up) after the catch, may try to advance to the next base, at the risk of being tagged out between bases. However, the game never stopped at where they originally intended. The strike zone is slightly different in different forms of softball. Catchers should be able to have strong and muscular legs to squat for a long period of time. THANKSGIVING DAY IN 1887 Created By: Ari Hearon George W. Hancock invented softball SOFTBALL WAS INVENTED . Softball is a game similar to baseball played with a larger ball (11 to 16 in. In baseball, the rubber is on a mound of dirt as gravity is used to generate speed. Third baseman must have great reflexes and be very quick on their feet because not only to they need to be quick to field a bunt but also if they are unable to predict whether the batter will bunt or hit, a ball that is hit may be a line drive to the face. In the period prior to 1900, the game was played outdoors, using a larger ball than employed in baseball, and on a smaller playing field. The right fielder has a multitude of jobs over the course of a softball game. The game is officiated by one or more neutral umpires. Competitive teams are now beginning around eight years old, if not younger. Nov 10, 1887. Softball was first introduced on Thanksgiving Day in 1887 at a Harvard–Yale football game, when a fan from Harvard hit a boxing glove that was playfully thrown at him, with a broom stick. The batter is out if: three strikes are called (a "strikeout"); a ball hit by the batter is caught before touching the ground (a "flyout"); the batter goes to a base that is already tagged ("tagged" or "tag play"); a fielder holding the ball touches a base which is the only base towards which the batter may run before the batter arrives there (a "force out" or "force play"); or in certain special circumstances. There are also riseballs that break upwards frequently starting in the strike zone and ending above it. In the period prior to… In the period prior to… pelota , pelota •all-nighter, biter, blighter, fighter, igniter, inciter, indicter, inviter, … Softball There are two types of games of softball slow pitch and fast pitch slow pitch is in 8 and unde and fast The first softball bat can be traced to 1887, when George Hancock, a reporter for the Chicago Board of Trade, invented the game. At some tournaments there might be a rules interpreter or Tournament Chief Umpire (TCU) (also known as the Umpire In Chief, or UIC) available to pass judgment on such protests, but it is usually up to the league or association involved to decide if the protest would be upheld. Leagues for such play are often characterized as either "fun leagues", in which the outdoor exercise and player camaraderie is more important than the final result, or "serious leagues". Shortstops may play in a restricted zone but are faced with many types of hits and interact closely with the 2nd base, 3rd base and home plate. The name of the game was coined later on in 1926. [original research? They are and should be the most vocal in effectively communicating with their outfielders. A "crow hop" occurs when the pitcher pushes with the pivot foot from somewhere other than the pitching plate. The true story of who invented baseball is a little more convoluted and a tad less romantic. Fair territory is further divided into the 'infield', and the 'outfield', and the territory beyond the outfield fence. [26] A 12-inch circumference ball is generally used in slow pitch, although in rare cases some leagues (especially recreational leagues) do use a 14-inch circumference ball. The left fielder covers this area in the case that the ball will pass the infielders. Although the pitcher and catcher have the ball the most, each person has a specific job. [35] "Baseball and softball are the primary causes of severe sports-related eye injury in Indiana and in most over state." Strikes are called by the plate umpire, who uses the same motion as the out call with a verbal call of "strike". Since the game has now moved outdoors several outdoor games were organized. Hancock was among a group of Yale and Harvard alumni who had gathered at Chicago's Farragut Boat Club. When she safely reaches first (see below) she becomes a "base-runner" or "runner". As soon as the pitcher makes a throw, the fielders are ready to field balls that are hit in the middle of the diamond. Who Invented American Football? First basemen however, can be both left- and right-handed. Although there are a variety of bats used, there are several that are banned due to performance enhancement. Jul 25, 2014 - Softball was invented to show boys how its done. Who developed the outdoor version and what city was he a fireman for? The runner runs for the foul portion of the double base after hitting the ball while the fielding team tries to throw the ball to the regular first base before the runner reaches the safety base. Who was George Hancock? 5 out of 5 stars (2,537) 2,537 reviews $ 2.99. reporter for Chicago board of trade. In order to do that, they start while having the ball in their glove, they throw their arms behind their hips, they shoot forwards with their leg, which is on the same side as their glove, and leave their glove hand there and the other arm goes around the shoulder, bends the elbow, and turns their wrist toward the 3rd baseman, and brings their arm through at the end, flicks their wrist, and brings the arm up, with the hand by their shoulder. There is also an illegal form of pitching known as "crow-hopping". A famous young man, Abner Doubleday, was an inventor of Baseball. The offensive team sends one "batter" at a time to home plate to use the bat to try to hit the pitch forward into fair territory. The defense may decide to allow a run if it can achieve one or multiple outs. Lewis Rober, a lieutenant at the local fire department, used a vacant lot to set up a small field for his men to play. A bunt is another form of batting. In these cases there is typically a white line drawn approximately 1/3 of the way down the baseline that is considered a point of no return. The ISF holds world championship tournaments in several categories. Usually, there is a small area on one of the walls in the outfield that results in a home run being awarded if the batted ball hits it. Outfielders are named for their positions in the field relative to home plate. The invention of softball had gotten under way; that was the first softball game played, with a final score of 41-40. All defensive players wear fielding gloves, made of leather or similar material. A field is officially required to have a warning track between 15 and 12 feet (5 and 4 meters) from the outfield fence. According to the story, during a Harvard –Yale football game in … A batted ball which hits the ground within the diamond is a "ground ball". [2]. ], There are many different sanctioning bodies of softball: USSSA, ASA, ISA, NSA, WSL, USFA, Triple Crown and SASL just to name a few. from getting bruised or damaged while sliding into home plate and make it much more comfortable to slide into the plate. A fly ball is a ball hit high and deep, a pop fly is a ball hit high but short, and a line drive is a ball hit close to the horizontal. Italy and Netherlands are the best nations, and both have an almost professional championship where athletes from the US, Australia and China play. The proposal awaits formal endorsement from the congress of both federations. The batter is considered to strike out if the batter fails to hit the ball into fair territory after the given number of pitches. Curves may be thrown on the outside or off of the plate or inside off the plate moving into the strike zone. A runner on base may see the pitch sign given by the catcher and hint it to the batter using hand or body motions. At higher levels of play, pitchers aim for the inner and outer corners of the plate when throwing fastballs and moving pitches. The exact dimensions of the first ball, crafted from boxing -glove laces by creator George Hancock, is unknown. The catcher is normally behind home plate in a squatted position (some plays may require the catcher to stand at an angle for intentional walks). Softball may have been invented in 1887, but it took another 8 years before it began to be played outdoors. Yellow softballs are fast becoming the standard for all levels of play for girls' and women's play in particular. He invented the game which is known as Baseball in Cooperstown, New York during the summers in 1839. The team did not acquire a coach until 1899 and there was little interest in the game from spectators. Runners with an open base behind them are not forced to advance and do so at their own risk; the defense must tag such runners directly to put them out rather than tagging the base. During most of these tournaments the biggest goal is not winning the tournament, but attempting to get as many college coaches as possible to observe (a) particular player or players. [24] In the NCAA, the required margin after 5 innings is 8 runs. Under 18 girls / 8 and under is coach pitch. [73] The game is played in most schools and with a 1.3 billion population; the number of great players is turning out to be a boon for China. Who Invented Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwiches. [31] Lastly, painting bats is done because competitors purchase "illegal" bats that are dangerous and hazardous to the opposing team. There is also regular slapping in which a batter takes position on the left side of the plate and usually stands in the back of the box, but it is possible form anywhere. Each box is behind a line 15 feet (5 meters) long located 12 feet (3 meters) from each baseline. Softball was created inside the Farragut Boat Club on a wintry, blustery day in November, 1887, in Chicago, IL. near Williams Arena.' The smaller ball soon gained prominence over the originally larger ball. If the ball is hit to right-field or center field, they become the cut-off for the center fielder or the right fielder depending who the ball was hit to. This first contest ended with a score of 41–40. There are however several key differences that can be observed as well. 1866- Vassar College was the first school to field two women’s amateur baseball teams.. 1867-A black women’s team, The Dolly Vardens from Philadelphia, was a professional baseball team.1872-Mills College in Oakland, CA established women’s baseball teams.1875- The “Blondes” and the “Brunettes” played their first match in Springfield, IL on September 11th. The Amateur Softball Association is the National Governing Body of Softball for the United States pursuant to the 1976 Amateur Sports Act. Softball is especially popular as a recreational activity for adults. This gave George Hancock the idea. Lewis Rober, Minneapolis. [74], The USA Softball Men's Fast Pitch National Team has won five World Championships (1966, 1968, 1976, 1980 and 1988) and three other medals. The game is played mainly in the United States and some other countries. [62][63], New Zealand are the current Men's World Champions, having won the title in 2013. Protests are never allowed on what are considered "judgment calls" – balls, strikes, and fouls. George Hancock, a reporter for the Chicago Board of Trade, is credited with inventing softball in 1887. When the result came out that Yale won, an excited Yale fan threw an old boxing glove at a Harvard fan. In some leagues, the number of home runs that can be hit by a team are limited. Hancock was among a group of Yale and Harvard alumni who had gathered at Chicago's Farragut Boat Club. The team did not acquire a coach until 1899 and there was little interest in the game from spectators. Baseball likely had its origins in the early 1800s, possibly as a mash-up of a variety of different stickandball games that had been around for centuries. However, the field can consist of other solid and dry surfaces such as artificial turf or asphalt. At all youth (under 15) levels, in co-ed (the official terminology for mixed teams) slow pitch, and in modified pitch, metal spikes are usually not allowed. The uniform may include a cap, a shirt displaying team colors and the players' number, sliding undershorts/compression shorts (optional), socks, and pants/athletic shorts. Foul balls are called by extending both arms up in the air with a verbal call of "foul ball", while fair balls are indicated only by pointing towards fair territory with no verbal call. The core of the ball may be made of long fiber kapok, or a mixture of cork and rubber, or a polyurethane mixture, or another approved material.[24]. The reason it was invented it because a Yale supporter threw and boxing glove at a Harvard fan while yell “let’s play ball”. from one team on the field at a time. If the batter reaches first base without being put out, then that player can then be forced to run towards second base the next time a ball is driven into fair territory. The ball is usually hit with a full swinging motion in which the bat may move through more than 360 degrees. Coach & Athletic Director 71.10 (2002): 46. A strike is recorded any time a batter swings at and misses a pitch or when a batter hits a ball foul (out of play). It is not until the batter's entire foot is out of the box, that the play will be declared dead and the batter called out. If the batter swings at the pitch that is deemed illegal and puts the ball in play, the defense is given the option to accept the results of the play or accept the penalty listed previously. Softball originated on Thanksgiving Day in Chicago in 1887. Besides being a quick player, the center fielder must have a strong throwing arm because of the distance between the player and home plate. The center fielder covers the area behind second base if the ball is going to be thrown in that direction. Decisions about plays are made by umpires, similar to a referee in American football. Softball was invented inside the Farragut Boat Club on a blustery, winter day in November, 1887, in Chicago, IL. The outfield is the remaining space between the baselines and between the outfield fence and the infield. The indoor form is sometimes called Arena Softball. The left fielder must constantly be aware of the situation on the field and know what must be done in different circumstances. Although it was known by various different names in the beginning, it finally got its official name of 'softball' in 1926. The person who invented softball. Softball was invented in Chicago in November 1887. After a successful hit the batter becomes a base runner (or runner) and must run to first base. New York: Scribner, 1982. [10] George Hancock, a reporter there, called out "Play ball!" Generally, outfielders act as a back-up to the infielders when they make plays or if the ball is hit past the infield. When Rober was transferred to another department, he helped establish a team he called the Kittens, and his game was named Kitten Ball in the summer of 1900. Softball was created in 1887 when men joined together in Chicago Farragut baseball club to listen to Harvard vs Yale football game. [original research?]. Softball teams are often organized around groups of employees who play in the early evening after work in the summer. [9] When the score was announced and bets were settled, a Yale alumnus threw a boxing glove at a Harvard supporter. At the back of the uniform, an Arabic numeral from numbers 0 through 99 must be visible. The IOC executive board were to decide at their May meeting which sport to recommend for inclusion. The game traces its origins in Chicago, Illinois. In fast pitch, to be within the strike zone, the pitch must cross over home plate, and as it crosses it must be above the knees and slightly below the shoulders (roughly the armpit or the shirt logo). Who invented softball? A pitch outside the strike zone is a ball. [40], Depending on the league in slow pitch only a foul ball with two strikes on the batter means the batter is out. The game is widely promoted to maintain fitness, health, personal achievements and pleasure. Right field has a particular job of covering the area behind first base if the ball is to be thrown in that area. A ball hit in the air and caught before hitting the ground, in fair or foul territory, puts the batter out. It's the same thing as if you are an American citizen, you should know the history of your country. A pitch in "the well" (pictured) is considered a perfect pitch. [65] In the Women's World Championships the United States is the most dominant team, having won three of the past four Olympic tournaments and the past seven World Championships. This minimizes the chances of a collision. 19", "Softball as I See It," by Vincent Farrell, in, "Mike Royko holds court at the Billy Goat on softball", "The 117th IOC Session in Singapore – A Summary", "What is the Distance From Home to the Pitching Mound in Softball? However, by the next week, Hancock had created a … Besides covering certain areas of the field, the left fielder must be the smartest of the outfielders. The bat is held with both hands, over the shoulder, and away from the pitcher (90-degree angle). Games that are not regulation or are regulation ties are resumed from the point of suspension. These can be outfitted with a pouch for fitting a protective cup for male players. The first baseman is the position to the left side of the diamond when facing home plate. If the pitcher throws three strikes against a batter, then the batter is out and the next batter in the order comes up to bat. If you compare the two games you’ll notice that both games generally resemble each other. This reduces scoring evenly on both sides, and allows for some margin of error. The USSSA, founded in 1968 as the United States Slo-Pitch Softball Association, but renamed in 1997 to the United States Specialty Sports Association, is the only association that still has a men's major slow-pitch program alive. The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) regulates rules of play in more than 110 countries, including the United States and Canada; before the WBSC was formed in 2013, the International Softball Federation filled this role. Minneapolis firefighter Lewis Rober also made strides in shaping softball's history. This bat was called a “bandy” because of its curved end, and the game later was called “Bandy Ball.” Balls are only called verbally, with no hand gesture. In softball a pitcher pitches the ball at a batter who scores runs by hitting the ball and running from base to base. The rules of the game were first published in the year 1889. How and when was softball invented? A well-broken-in ball is called a mush ball and is favored for informal "pick-up" games and when playing in limited space, such as a city street (because the ball does not go as far). Many high schools and colleges have sports programs which include softball. He designed the game as a form of indoor baseball on a cold winter. For example, if the pitcher pitches a fastball, in softball the ball would most likely rise while in baseball because the pitcher is on a hill, the ball would drop. The 117th meeting of the International Olympic Committee, held in Singapore in July 2005, voted to drop softball and baseball as Olympic sports for the 2012 Summer Olympics, but will be back in the 2021 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.[22]. There are wide variances in playing rules, size and type of … In slow-pitch softball there is an extra outfielder in the outfield, who is specified as a roamer or rover. [24], Caps, visors, and headbands are optional for female players, and have to be the same color. After hitting the ball the batter may advance as many bases as possible. The extra outfielder is sometimes called the short fielder and plays somewhere behind second base, adjusting position based on the handedness or other characteristics of the batter, while the regular center fielder plays a considerably deeper position. A right fielder will throw the ball to each base more than the other outfielders will because of their position in respect to the bases. [27] A 16" softball when new is rough and hard, with hand and finger injuries to fielders frequent if they do not "give" when receiving a ball,[28] but the ball "breaks in" slightly during a game and continues to soften over time with continued play. The strike zone therefore varies from batter to batter. Softball Bases have a width and length of 15" (38.1 cm) with a height between 3”-5” (7.62-12.7 cm). Softball is played in all states and territories in Australia and at all levels of academic education. To the batter, the dropball appears to be coming in level but then as the ball reaches the plate, the pitch drops, trying to force the batter to hit the top of the ball. In softball, the pitchers throw from within a circle and the rubber in the circle is not elevated. It took place at the Farragut Boat Club at a gathering to hear the outcome of the Yale University and Harvard University football game. These three "doctored" and "juiced" techniques are banned from Leagues, but are still done today. The bases must be reached in order counterclockwise, starting with first base. Answer (1 of 3): First time spectators at a softball game could mistake it for baseball. It was originally called either mushball, kittenball or indoor baseball, but by the 1920s it had acquired the name of softball. If he feels the batter could have moved and avoided getting hit he or she will not reward the batter first base and the pitch will be recorded as a ball. The last (bottom) half of the seventh inning or any remaining part of the seventh inning is not played if the team batting second is leading. The game was modified from what those who invented softball originally designed the game to be. Individuals at first base have quick hands and good reach, and are always on the lookout to catch the player off base. There are however several key differences that can be observed as well. The center fielder's position is in the middle of the outfield directly behind second base when looking at the field from behind home plate. We can see that as the years move forward innovations were added. If fewer than four innings have been played, the game is not considered a "regulation" game. George Hancock, a reporter for the Chicago Board of Trade, is credited with inventing the game. That day may have been the first and last day of the softball invention process if Hancock did not pursue his idea. The plate umpire may suspend play because of darkness or anything that puts players or spectators in danger. Two major differences are that the ball must be pitched underhand—from 50 ft (15.2 m) in slow pitch, or 46/43 ft (14/13.1 m)[6] for men/women in fast pitch as compared with 60.5 ft (18.4 m) in baseball—and that seven innings, or 1–2 hours depending on the league, constitute a regulation game compared with nine innings in baseball.[7].

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